Communities Connect with Nature on Alaska's Tongass National Forest

From USDA:

Posted by Teresa Haugh, Alaska Region, U.S. Forest Service, on December 8, 2014 at 3:30 PM

Steve McCurdy and students Ariel Cummings and Jessica Davila collect salmon from the fish traps on Twelvemile Creek on Prince of Wales Island. (Photo courtesy of Bethany Goodrich)

Scott Harris, the conservation science director for the Sitka Conservation Society, is on a mission. He’s dedicated to connecting the communities of Southeast Alaska to the stunning, natural world that surrounds them including the Tongass National Forest.

Sitka Conservation Society’s charge is to protect the forest’s natural environment while supporting sustainable development of surrounding Southeast Alaska communities. As director, Harris has worked for the last seven years to bring these communities together with those responsible for managing the landscape. The society and the forest partner together for work focused on ecological monitoring projects. For the past five years, they have worked with the Sitka Ranger District and local young students to monitor the effects of stream restoration projects. Harris has focused on increasing the number of interns in resource management during the past several years.

“Our internship program benefits both the interns and the organization,” said Harris. “We are often able to hire people who grew up in Alaska who just finished college or are looking for summer work. They want to do so something in their field of interest and we give them that opportunity.”

The injection of youthful energy that the student interns bring to the projects also assist his long-term goal to motivate the students to stay involved in natural resource management on a professional level.

“Some of the interns may decide to go on to college,” Harris said. “This would prepare them to work for the Forest Service as a technician, biologist or researcher. But even if they don’t do that, they will still have knowledge of what’s going on in the woods in their backyards.”

The interns are savvy with social media tools and create outreach videos and blogs for the internet. They also employ traditional media like newspapers and radio.

“They’re all over it,” said Harris. “They help spread the word and they are excited about it.”

Kelly Petty, a fisheries technician intern with Sitka Conservation Society, learns how to measure fish smolt on Twelvemile Creek on Prince of Wales Island. This internship program exposes local youth to careers in fisheries and land management. (Photo courtesy of Bethany Goodrich).

The non-profit organization recruits high school students from Klawock, Craig and Hydaburg on Prince of Wales Island to get them involved in long-term monitoring projects with the society and Forest Service staff for hands-on outdoor experience in data collection. As the largest national forest and the largest remaining temperate rainforest on earth, the Tongass is also home to many rural communities that depend on the forest’s natural resources including the five salmon species that swim its waters.

Last summer, a statewide citizen science initiative called Stream Team sponsored by the society, Forest Service and National Forest Foundation involved students in work with fisheries technicians and researchers at Twelvemile Creek on Prince of Wales Island. Students honed their math and other academic skills to learn more about forest management, salmon habitat, and restoration efforts on the forest.

For Harris, this is another successful chapter in the Society’s role to connect young people to the outdoors and encourage development of future scientists and technicians. It’s often an inspiring opportunity for local youth to help and learn from natural resource management decision makers including those on the Tongass National Forest.

Steve McCurdy pulls pink salmon smolt from the screw trap on Twelvemile Creek. The data from this long term monitoring project helps land managers better understand fish ecology on the newly restored Twelvemile watershed on Prince of Wales Island. (Photo courtesy of Bethany Goodrich)

Southeast Alaska Trail Crew's Work on Footbridge Links Generations, Cultures

From the USDA:

Posted by Travis Mason-Bushman, Tongass National Forest, U.S. Forest Service, on November 20, 2014 at 4:00 PM

A new foot bridge near the tribal village of Angoon on Admiralty Island National Monument is part of a Tongass National Forest and Youth Conservation Corps partnership. From left, Tribal Liaison Donald Frank, Angoon Trail Crew Leader Aaron McCluskey, Youth Conservation Corps member Roger Williams, also an Angoon tribal member, and Admiralty Island National Monument Ranger Chad VanOrmer pause work to celebrate the bridge’s construction and the agency’s successful Corps partnership with the Angoon Tribe. (U.S. Forest Service/ Travis Mason-Bushman)

Moss and lichen grew fast on this Tongass National Forest recently built foot bridge due to the unique conditions of Southeast Alaska’s temperate rainforest. Here, the annual rainfall is measured in feet instead of inches. Some places get more than 15 feet a year. (U.S. Forest Service/ Travis Mason-Bushman)

On a boggy section of single-track trail outside the Southeast Alaska tribal community of Angoon, two men are building a bridge on Admiralty Island National Monument that does much more than simply cross 10 yards of boot-eating muck. This unassuming wooden span is connecting generations, cultures and governments while symbolizing a shared path forward for the Tongass National Forest and Southeast Alaska communities. 

The bridge and trail are a vital link in the Cross Admiralty Canoe Route, a 32-mile series of lakes and trail portages that allows backcountry canoeists, kayakers and others to traverse the island. But while the Civilian Conservation Corps established the modern route in the 1930s, the path it follows was not news to the island’s residents, according to Donald Frank, tribal liaison for the national monument.

“The history of this trail doesn’t go back to the CCC. It goes back to the time when our people crossed the lakes to hunt and fish and trap for furs to sell,” said Frank. “We didn’t build this trail, no. This is a trail that the bears chose. Its story goes back much farther than we know.” 

Roger Williams and Aaron McCluskey, members of the Angoon tribe that has lived on the island for thousands of years, are carrying on a tradition of stewardship today. Part of the tribe’s trail crew, they work on the Tongass through a Youth Conservation Corps partnership.  The Corps provides employment for local residents while giving back to the land. 

It’s hard, dirty work. There are no hot showers and warm beds beckoning them at the end of the day. Only a campfire and perpetually soggy tents at a remote “spike camp” await them several miles away. But they say this is what they signed up for. Neither complains. 

“We’re camped out here in the cold and wet. It’s either cold and wet or hot and buggy, take your pick,” McCluskey said. “I’m pretty much living in raingear. Honestly, I wouldn’t have it any other way.” 

In his second season as crew leader, McCluskey is a world away from his former military specialty as a vehicle mechanic. Inside the monument’s wilderness, no power tools or motor vehicles can be used. 

To get materials for the bridge, the crew turned to old-fashioned muscle power, hauling locally-sourced wood from tidewater to the job site on their backs, four planks at a time. 

“It took an hour to hike up and an hour to hike back. By mid-day, I had blisters on my feet,” McCluskey said. “But we’re in the wilderness, and we’re stewards of the wilderness. So this is how we do it.” 

Building the bridge was McCluskey’s idea in the first place. He discovered a section of trail that had been reduced to seemingly-bottomless mud and standing water. Figuring that a standard boardwalk would soon sink, he decided to pound abutments into firmer soil and go over the top of the mire. That meant finding some big logs to span the gap. Williams was eager to oblige. 

“My favorite part of the job is chopping down trees, finding the right one in the right place is important,” Williams said. “It’s fun working with a bunch of different people out on the trail.” 

Their experience also helps build their connection with the land. “We’re helping the forest and the people who use it,” McCluskey said. 

Chad Van Ormer, the monument ranger for Admiralty Island, has spearheaded the move to partner with Angoon’s tribal government for a youth trail crew. He joked that his role is the easy part. 

“I just connect the dots and look for money. The real work comes from the blended Forest Service and Angoon field crews who are learning to accomplish mutual goals together,” he said. “All of their patience and efforts are paying off with stewardship through partnerships.” 

By building relationships with local groups such as the Angoon tribe, Van Ormer is at the leading edge of the forest’s move toward shared stewardship. Such partnerships allow on-the-ground results on a national forest through both agency programs and working collaboratively with a broad coalition of governments, organizations and communities. All share in the goal of sustaining the unique economy and ecology of Southeast Alaska. 

Members of the Alaska native Angoon Tribe worked with the Tongass National Forest to build a bridge on Admiralty Island National Monument that is part of a tribe’s historical trail used to cross lakes to hunt and fish and trap furs to sell. Tribal members say it was the bears that created the trail, a story that predates their use of the land. (U.S. Forest Service/ Travis Mason-Bushman)

“We have a lot of synergy happening here on Admiralty Island because it’s the future for the agency,” said Jeff Miller, who coordinates recreation partnership and service programs for the Forest Service’s Alaska Region. “Our goal is to be a facilitator, to help people do good work across the forests.” 

Admiralty Island’s native peoples have long been thoughtful stewards of their home. They are known for their good work on the forests for millennia. 

“The Teikwedi had territorial rights to this area,” Frank said.  “As the elders say, as many generations as we’ve been here is as much sand is on that beach over there. We managed the resource. We took only what we need, never more.” 

By engaging Angoon’s youth to become stewards of the forest today, the Tongass is committed to seeing those traditions endure tomorrow, and for generations to come.

Water Supply Forecast Shows Record Snow in Northern Parts of West, Parched in Southwest

USDA Blog Post:

Posted by Spencer Miller, Natural Resources Conservation Service, on April 14, 2014 at 1:00 PM

Streamflow in the West consists largely of accumulated mountain snow that melts and flows into streams as temperatures warm. (NRCS photo)

March storms increased snowpack in the northern half of the West but didn’t provide much relief for the dry southern half, according to data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Water and Climate Center (NWCC) in its April 2014 water supply forecast.

According to the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), most of Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and northern parts of Colorado and Utah are expected to have near normal or above normal water supplies, according to the forecast.  Far below normal streamflow is expected for southern Oregon, California, Arizona, New Mexico, southern Utah and western Nevada.

Early April is commonly regarded as the transition from snow accumulation to snowmelt, making the April 1 water supply forecast of key importance for planning, according to NWCC hydrologist Cara McCarthy.

“Many water managers, reservoir operators, irrigation districts and hydroelectric power companies make significant strategic decisions based on the April forecasts,” McCarthy said.

In states where snowmelt accounts for the majority of the seasonal water supply, information about snowpack serves as an indicator of future water supply. Streamflow in the West consists largely of accumulated mountain snow that melts and flows into streams as temperatures warm. NRCS scientists analyze the snowpack, air temperature, soil moisture and other measurements taken from remote sites to develop the water supply forecasts.

For the second consecutive month, many snow telemetry, or SNOTEL, sites in Montana, Wyoming, and parts of Idaho, Washington, and Oregon received two to three times the normal amount of precipitation. The Cascade Mountains in Washington went from extremely dry in January to a normal snowpack currently and Montana and Wyoming snowpack is now at record levels.

“There’s flooding potential in the Missouri River basin,” McCarthy said. “These areas will be most vulnerable if snow melts rapidly during a hot spell, or if there’s extreme rain while the streams are swollen with snowmelt.”

NRCS’ streamflow forecasts are one of the tools used to assess drought conditions. USDA is partnering with western states to help mitigate the severe effects of drought on agriculture.

Since 1939, NRCS has conducted snow surveys and issued regular water supply forecasts. Since the late 1970s, NRCS has been installing, operating and maintaining an extensive, high-elevation automated system called SNOTEL, designed to collect snowpack and related climatic data in the western U.S. and Alaska.

The center will continue to monitor and forecast water supplies for the next two months. View the April Snow Survey and Water Supply Forecast map or view information by state. And to learn more about how NRCS is helping private landowners deal with drought, visit NRCS’ drought resources. You can also visit USDA’s disaster and drought information page.

Watch the April water supply forecast: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LoK5Vdd3NUc

Secretary's Column: Our Nation's Wilderness: Yours to Enjoy and Protect

USDA Blog Post:

Posted by Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, on March 28, 2014 at 12:00 PM

This year marks the 50^th anniversary of the Wilderness Act. When he signed the Act in 1964, President Lyndon Johnson said, “If future generations are to remember us with gratitude rather than contempt, we must leave them a glimpse of the world as it was in the beginning, not just after we got through with it.”

His foresight, along with the work of many of his contemporaries, has allowed generations of Americans to enjoy the natural beauty of our nation.

The Wilderness Act itself was landmark legislation that formally established protections for undeveloped tracts of land across the United States and created the country’s National Wilderness Preservation System.

Many wilderness areas are within a day’s drive of America’s largest cities, and showcase some of our most special places and landscapes. Across the country, 758 wilderness areas cover almost 110 million acres and boast forested mountains, alpine meadows, rock peaks above timberline, tundra, lava beds, deserts, swamps, coastal lands, and islands.

While it is impossible to measure its intrinsic value, many people appreciate the wilderness and wild lands simply for the continued existence of areas where the Earth and its community of life are untrammeled by humans. For others, wilderness areas have important cultural significance. They are home to the traditional ancestral lands of some American Indians and Alaska Natives, lands held sacred by Tribal citizens.

Wilderness areas also provide more quantifiable, far-reaching benefits that benefit each of us, whether or not you’ve ever set foot in a wilderness area. They provide abundant supplies of clean air and water and store and sequester carbon. They sustain biodiversity by providing a habitat for a wide variety of plants and animals and supporting healthy landscapes where rare and endangered species thrive. Areas that remain relatively untouched by modern society also provide important natural areas for scientific study of flora and fauna.

Finally, as March and National Nutrition Month come to a close and spring begins, now is a great time for kids and families to get outdoors as a way to be healthy and active, a key component of the First Lady’s Let’s Move! Outside initiative. Wilderness areas—located in all but six of our 50 states and enjoyed by more than 12 million Americans every year—offer the opportunity to hike, backpack, rock climb, canoe and horseback ride, with some of our nation’s most beautiful vistas in the background.

Learn more about our nation’s wilderness areas and where you can explore the great outdoors near your community at www.fs.fed.us/locatormap.

Shell Asks Court's Opinion

Excerpt from an article in

The New York Times

Thursday, March 01, 2012

To Avoid a Suit, Shell Asks Court’s Opinion

By CLIFFORD KRAUSS

HOUSTON — In an attempt to avoid a last-minute challenge from environmental groups that could delay its plans to begin drilling for oil this summer off the coast of Alaska, Shell asked a federal court on Wednesday to review its Alaska Arctic oil spill response plan and decide whether it complied with the law’s requirements.

Shell received tentative approval from the Interior Department two weeks ago for its spill response plan, a crucial step toward clearing the way for the oil company to begin drilling in the Chukchi Sea this year. Several more regulatory barriers remain, but the company hopes it can get past all the hurdles and expected appeals in the next few months, while the narrow window for summer drilling in ice-free waters remains open.

“This pre-emptive action is an attempt to avoid a legal challenge on the eve of operations,” said Bill Tanner, a Shell spokesman. “We are anticipating that they were going to sue us.”

In a statement, Shell said it was filing the request for a declaratory judgment against 13 environmental groups, including Greenpeace and the Sierra Club, which have been resisting Shell’s drilling plans for five years.