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Saturday, December 28, 2013

US-Japanese climate-tracking satellite to launch in February | TheHill

The United States and Japan announced the launch of a satellite that will be able to monitor in unprecedented detail climate changes across the globe.
NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency will launch the new satellite on Feb. 27 from Japan's Tanegashima Space Center, the agencies said on Thursday.

US-Japanese climate-tracking satellite to launch in February | TheHill

China's air pollution could reach US | TheHill

The air pollution plaguing China may blow east to Korea and Japan, and could even reach the United States, The New York Times reports

Scientists say the soot, ozone-forming compounds and other pollutants from China are raising concerns in countries that are in the path of the plumes.

China's air pollution could reach US | TheHill

Friday, December 27, 2013

Wenn zwei Bärenarten sich treffen | Wissen & Umwelt | DW.DE | 27.12.2013

Strange things happen when species that would not meet in the wild are artificially brought together, as in a zoo, for example.

Photo gallery of the unintended hybrid offspring of different species of bears:

Wenn zwei Bärenarten sich treffen | Wissen & Umwelt | DW.DE | 27.12.2013

Thursday, December 26, 2013

Christmas Tree Grower Branches Out

USDA Blog Post:

Christmas trees are a staple crop for many farms in Oregon, including this tree farm off Interstate 5. (NRCS photo)
Christmas trees are a staple crop for many farms in Oregon, including this tree farm off Interstate 5. (NRCS photo)
During a time of year more often associated with consumption than conservation, Daniel Logan, owner and operator of Logan Tree Farm near North Plains, Ore., shows that managing and preserving the land yields both profit and holiday cheer.
Raising Christmas trees is a family business for Logan, who can remember pruning and clipping trees as early as six years old. His family has grown Christmas trees in the area since 1883, and he continues the tradition, managing about 35 acres of Christmas trees, including Douglas, Noble, Grand and Nordmann Firs.
While the Pacific Northwest may be the among the largest producers of Christmas trees in the nation, growers face a number of challenges, including managing land for extended and sustained use, while coping with both unpredictable weather and volatile commercial markets.
Logan recognized the need for conservation to improve his land and in 1992 began working with USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) to plant cover crops. His goal was to reduce the need for chemical use and improve soil quality.
Logan eventually enrolled in the Conservation Stewardship Program, a Farm Bill conservation program that provides technical and financial assistance to producers interested in conserving and enhancing natural resources on their property. With CSP assistance, Logan continues to reinforce and expand cover crops on his Christmas tree farm.
“It just seemed like the natural next step,” Logan said of his decision to enroll.
Since planting cover crops on his property, Logan has witnessed a number of benefits, including improved soil quality, a reduction in soil erosion and improved tree health. The land is also less muddy, which proves helpful in keeping trees clean and presentable for sales.
“It’s like working on a carpet,” Logan said.
All of these conservation efforts contribute to an improved crop yield, which can only mean good things for locals looking to find that perfect tree. Logan expects to sell upwards of 1,800 trees this year alone, with Noble firs standing out as his top sellers.
“The Noble is a good keeper,” Logan said. “They stand up well, and they’re just really pretty.”
Even so, Logan warns that even healthy, sturdy trees have a shelf life and shouldn’t be kept much longer than two to three weeks. While it’s possible to extend this time by a couple of days by lowering your home’s thermostat several degrees and keeping trees a safe distance away from any heat sources, Logan is adamant that most trees should be disposed of prior to a month.
As Logan and NRCS move forward in their partnership to improve soil quality and strengthen crop yields, the future for Christmas trees in Washington County, Ore. looks bright.

Wednesday, December 18, 2013

Alcoa Commercializes “Engineered Wetlands” Wastewater Treatment Technology

Alcoa News Release:

December 18, 2013
Alcoa Commercializes “Engineered Wetlands” Wastewater Treatment Technology
Bauer Resources to License Technology in Construction of Industrial and Municipal Wastewater Treatment Systems Worldwide

PITTSBURGH--Alcoa (NYSE: AA) has entered into an agreement with Germany-based engineering and construction company, Bauer Resources GmbH, to commercialize Alcoa’s Natural Engineered Wastewater Treatment technology that mimics natural wetlands to sustainably treat wastewaters. Under the agreement, Bauer will use Alcoa’s engineered wetlands technology to deploy wastewater treatment systems globally.

The system, developed at the Alcoa Technology Center outside of Pittsburgh, imitates the natural process of wetlands to clean and disinfect process water. The system uses 40 percent less energy and has 60 percent lower operating costs than traditional systems, functions without the use of chemicals, and does not emit odors associated with conventional tank systems. Treated water is of high quality and can be reused in manufacturing processes or for irrigation.

“We are pleased to partner with the Bauer Group to bring our engineered wetlands technology to customers worldwide,” said Ray Kilmer, Alcoa’s Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. ”Alcoa’s technology, combined with Bauer’s engineering, design and construction expertise, will enable the sustainable treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater, saving money and conserving water.”

Bauer Group brings significant wetlands technology expertise and engineering, design and construction experience to the Alcoa-Bauer team. In 2009, Bauer installed the largest wetlands treatment system in the world for Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) in Nimr, Oman. The plant has been successfully operating since January 2011.

“This partnership brings together two experts in innovative technology,” adds Roman Breuer, Executive Board Member at Bauer Resources GmbH. “Our goal is to deploy this proven technology worldwide. Regardless of market – municipal waste water or even a wide range of industrial applications – this technology and partnership can offer a solution.”

Alcoa has been engaged in engineered wetlands technology development and deployment at various Alcoa locations for the last 10 years, with the most recent and largest being a system implemented in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at the Ma’aden-Alcoa joint venture project site. There, the technology will reduce the facility’s water demand by two million gallons a day, saving $7 million a year in water purchase costs for the integrated aluminum complex.

Alcoa’s Natural Engineered Wastewater Treatment system comprises three steps: (1) an anaerobic treatment tank that removes metals and breaks down and separates organic material in the water; (2) a passive engineered wetland that utilizes vegetation for further treatment of organics and removal of nitrogen; and (3) a cell housing bauxite-based technology that disinfects and polishes the water. The result is water treated to the same or better quality as that of a conventional system.

About Alcoa

Alcoa is the world’s leading producer of primary aluminum, fabricated aluminum and alumina. In addition to inventing the modern-day aluminum industry, Alcoa’s innovation has been behind major milestones in the aerospace, automotive, packaging, building and construction, commercial transportation, consumer electronics, and industrial markets over the past 125 years. Among the solutions Alcoa markets are flat-rolled products, hard alloy extrusions, and forgings, as well as Alcoa® wheels, fastening systems, precision and investment castings, and building systems in addition to its expertise in other light metals such as titanium and nickel-based super alloys. Sustainability is an integral part of Alcoa’s operating practices and the product design and engineering it provides to customers. Alcoa has been a member of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index for 12 consecutive years and approximately 75 percent of all aluminum ever produced since 1888 is still in active use today. Alcoa employs approximately 61,000 people in 30 countries across the world. More information can be found at www.alcoa.com.

Recycling in the Red Zone - the E-waste Ball is in Your Hands!

Recycling in the Red Zone - the E-waste Ball is in Your Hands!

Tuesday, December 17, 2013

What Does Maple Syrup Have in Common with an Invasive Insect?

USDA Blog Post:

Two Asian longhorned beetles on maple tree
Two Asian longhorned beetles on maple tree
Today is National Maple Syrup Day!  So, what does maple syrup have in common with an invasive insect?  Well, if the insect is the Asian longhorned beetle, then they both can come from maple trees.  Obviously, we want the maple syrup and not the invasive beetle.  But who cares?  And why should anyone care?  Well, I care and here’s why:
Not only do I work for the USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, an agency that is actively fighting known infestations of Asian longhorned beetle in three different states, but I also am a native of Vermont.
According to a 2013 release about Maple Syrup Production issued by USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service, Vermont is responsible for 40% of the United States’ maple production – that’s 1,320,000 gallons from just one tiny state!  It typically takes 50 gallons of sap to make one gallon of maple syrup.  A single maple tree can produce an average of 15 gallons of sap per season, so you need at least 3-4 maple trees just to make the one gallon of syrup.  Many Vermonters like to say they have maple syrup running through their veins; it’s simply that important, valued, needed and wanted.
But the Asian longhorned beetle is a real threat to our country’s maples trees and to 12 other types of hardwood trees too.  It doesn’t belong here and we don’t want it here.  When the beetle attacks trees, its larva feed on the heartwood or center part causing tunneling that can make a cross-section of a tree look like a piece of Swiss cheese.  The damage weakens the tree and eventually the tree will die.
The best line of defense is you.  In honor of National Maple Syrup Day, and for the love of all things maple, I am asking you to take a look at your trees.  If you are outside, just walk up to a tree and see if it has round holes on the trunk and/or branches – these holes are caused by the adult beetle when it exits the tree.  The holes are a little bit smaller than a dime and just a bit bigger than the circumference of a pencil.  You won’t see the adult as they die off with the first hard frost, but you can still see the holes and other signs of damage.
The sooner we know about an ALB infestation, the sooner we can do something about it, so please report any sightings.  Long live National Maple Syrup Day!

Discover the Cover: Farmers Realize Benefits, Challenges of Soil-Improving Cover Crops

USDA Blog Post:

Todd and Arliss Nielsen inspect their ryegrass cover crop in Wright County, Iowa. USDA photo.
Todd and Arliss Nielsen inspect their ryegrass cover crop in Wright County, Iowa. USDA photo.
A growing number of farmers throughout the nation have “discovered the cover” — and for some very good reasons.
They’re recognizing that by using cover crops and diverse rotations, it’s possible to actually improve the health and function of their soil, said David Lamm, a soil health expert with USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service.
Farmers are also reaping the benefits healthy soils bring to their operations in the form of better nutrient cycling, improved water infiltration and more consistent yields over time.
“The principles of building healthy soils are the same everywhere — you have to stop tilling the soil and switch from a monoculture crop rotation to one with a diversity of crops that should include cover crops,” Lamm said. “But the path to soil health is different on each farm.”
Keeping soil covered and growing with living roots is a critical component in improving the health and function of the soil, Lamm said.
“That means understanding how to manage cover crops in a soil health management system, and that can be one of the biggest challenges farmers face,” he said.
Cover crop and cash crop selections and rotation sequences should be chosen to fit the farmer’s resource concerns and priorities, and the resources available at that farm.
“Farmers not familiar with how mixtures of cover crops work together might ask ‘why would I want to plant a cover crop that uses up all my water?’” Lamm said. “But using diverse annual cropping rotations and cover crop combinations increase soil organic matter. And for each 1 percent in organic matter, there can be a 25 percent increase in water holding capacity and up to 30 pounds an acre more of available nitrogen.”
While it is true cover crops use some soil profile water, they simultaneously improve the soil structure by building soil aggregates, he said. They also provide mulch that reduces evaporation and runoff losses and break up subsoil to increase water recharge.
“By using cover crops, no-till and crop rotations, farmers are finding that their soil actually has more available water for their cash crops when those crops really need it,” he said. “Those covers actually help protect farms against weather extremes like drought.”
Learn more about cover crops and “Unlock the Secrets in the Soil,” the agency’s soil health awareness campaign.

Kitty Litter: Potential New Use for Spent Corn Grains

USDA Blog Post:

ARS scientists have developed a nearly 100 percent biodegradable kitty litter made from dried distiller's grains, left over from corn-ethanol production.
ARS scientists have developed a nearly 100 percent biodegradable kitty litter made from dried distiller's grains, left over from corn-ethanol production.
This post is part of the Science Tuesday feature series on the USDA blog. Check back each week as we showcase stories and news from USDA’s rich science and research portfolio.
Sometimes, the results of USDA science show up in the most unlikely places—maybe even in your cat’s litter box.
USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists have discovered a way to make kitty litter that’s nearly 100 percent biodegradable by processing spent grains left over from corn ethanol production.
And what’s good for you and your cat may also be good for the environment. ARS researcher Steven F. Vaughn and his colleagues have shown that litter made with these grains as the starting material may prove to be more environmentally friendly than popular but nonbiodegradable, clay-based litters that mostly end up in landfills.
The idea of using corn or other grains as the basis of an environmentally sound cat litter isn’t new. But the ARS research team at the agency’s National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, Ill., may be the first to extensively study the potential of treated, spent grains called “x-DDGs” as the primary component of a litter, and to make their results publicly available.
DDGs are “dried distiller’s grains.” A DDGs-based litter may provide a new and perhaps higher-value market for the tons of DDGs that corn ethanol refineries now primarily market as an ingredient in cattle feed.
The “x-DDGs” tested by Vaughn’s group are DDGs that, after being used for ethanol production, are treated with one or more solvents to extract any remaining, potentially useful natural compounds.
The team’s laboratory experiments yielded a suggested kitty litter formulation composed of the x-DDGs and three other compounds: glycerol, to prevent the litter from forming dust particles when poured or pawed; guar gum, to help the litter clump easily when wet; and a very small amount of copper sulfate, for odor control.
The resulting litter is highly absorbent, forms strong clumps that don’t crumble when scooped from the litter box, and provides significant odor control, according to Vaughn, who did the work with ARS chemists Mark A. Berhow and Jill K. Winkler-Moser at Peoria, and Edward Lee of Summit Seed, Inc., in Manteno, Ill.

Thursday, December 12, 2013

USGS Release: Thin Skin Beneath Streams Can Power Large Improvements in Water Quality (12/11/2013 5:27:25 PM)

USGS Release: Thin Skin Beneath Streams Can Power Large Improvements in Water Quality (12/11/2013 5:27:25 PM)

EPA Announces Dec. 17 Public Availability Session in York, Neb., to Discuss Groundwater Contamination Issues

EPA News Release:

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7
11201 Renner Boulevard, Lenexa, KS 66219

Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and Nine Tribal Nations

EPA Announces Dec. 17 Public Availability Session in York, Neb., to Discuss Groundwater Contamination Issues

Contact Information: Belinda Young, 913-551-7463young.belinda@epa.gov

Environmental News

NEWS MEDIA ADVISORY

(Lenexa, Kan., Dec. 11, 2013) - EPA Region 7 today announced a Public Availability Session will be held in York, Neb., to discuss groundwater sampling results and EPA’s actions to protect human health and the environment.

EPA representatives will also discuss the proposed listing of two contaminated sites in York on the National Priorities List (NPL) for cleanup under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Superfund. A short presentation will begin at the start of the meeting.

WHAT: Public Availability Session to discuss groundwater contamination issues in York, Neb.
WHEN: 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m., Tuesday, Dec. 17, 2013

WHERE: Kilgore Memorial Library, 520 Nebraska Avenue, York, Neb. 68467

The contaminants of concern at the sites include trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE). These contaminants are man-made solvents commonly used as industrial degreasers, among other uses.

# # #

Monday, December 9, 2013

Bethany Falls Trail 29

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods, Blue Springs, MO. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trail 28

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods, Blue Springs, MO. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trail 27

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods, Blue Springs, MO. December 2, 2013.


Rock Ledge 25

Rock ledge, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods, Blue Springs, MO. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trail 24

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trail 23

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trail 22

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Outcrops 20

Limestone outcrops, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Outcrops 19

Limestone outcrops, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Outcrop 18

Limestone outcrop, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Outcrops 17

Limestone outcrops, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Blocks 16

Limestone blocks, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 12, 2013.


Remnants 15

Remnants of structure, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Steps 14

Steps on trail, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Ravine 13

Ravine, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Rock Outcrop 12

Rock outcrop, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Ravine 11

Ravine, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Ravine 10

Ravine, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trail 9

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Rock Outcrop 8

Limestone Rock Outcrop, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Rock Outcrop 7

Limestone rock outcrop, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Rock Outcrop 6

Limestone rock outcrop, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trail 5

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Creek 4

Creek, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trail 3

Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Dry Creek Bed 2

Dry creek bed, Bethany Falls Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Footbridge 1

Footbridge near Bethany Falls Trail trailhead. Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Bethany Falls Trailhead

Bethany Falls Trailhead, Burr Oak Woods. December 2, 2013.


Sunday, December 8, 2013

Habitat Trail 17

Creek, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail 16

Footbridge on Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail 15

Creek Bed, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail 14

Rock outcrop, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail 13

Habitat Trail. December 1, 2013.


Friday, December 6, 2013

Habitat Trail 10

Osage Orange, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail 9

Glade, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail 8

Glade, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail 6

Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail 5

Pond, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013


Habitat Trail 4

Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013


Contextual Photo, Habitat Trail

Contextual Photo, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail Signage

Signage, Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


Habitat Trail

Habitat Trail, Burr Oak Woods. December 1, 2013.


U.S. Forest Service Offers Winter Yurt, Cabin Adventures

USDA Blog Post:

The tranquility of winter camping is ideal at the Grizzly Ridge yurt on the Ashley National Forest in Utah. Numerous hiking, biking and off-road trails crisscross the area. (U.S. Forest Service)
The tranquility of winter camping is ideal at the Grizzly Ridge yurt on the Ashley National Forest in Utah. Numerous hiking, biking and off-road trails crisscross the area. (U.S. Forest Service)
While some may close up tents and winterize recreational vehicles this time of year, there are others who look forward to a winter filled with adventures on forests and grasslands. The draw is yurts and historic cabins available to rent that offer a bit of solitude for camping, a dose of adventure on skis, snowshoes or snowmobiles, and a lifetime of memories.
A yurt is a circular tent with canvas walls. There are many different styles and sizes of yurts, but generally each yurt is different in what it offers. Typically, you can expect to provide your own bedding, food, and cooking supplies. Some include beds, tables and chairs. Others have camp stoves and wood burning stoves. Check information on Recreation.gov before making your reservation and committing to a stay.
Last year, Johanne Tuttle and her friends chose the Grizzly Ridge yurt on the Ashley National Forest in Utah. After skiing three miles to reach the yurt, they found it had a wood-burning stove to keep warm when they finished cross-country skiing or sledding down a small hill. Inside, they could relax, play cards and cook their meals.
“We were actually really surprised to get up here and see how spacious the yurt is. It’s really spacious, big huge bunk beds, double sized, so you can easily fit two people on one bed,” Tuttle said. “It’s bigger than any yurt I’ve ever been in and plenty of room to move around and stretch out.”
Tuttle’s group stayed for several days, packing in everything they needed and adhering to outdoor ethics and packing out their trash and leaving the yurt ready for the next campers.
Jamie Tyson, Johanne Tuttle, Charity Parks and Chris Berry dine on a meal they cooked in the Grizzly Ridge yurt on the Ashley National Forest in Utah. The yurt comes with bare-bones cooking utensils. (U.S. Forest Service)
Jamie Tyson, Johanne Tuttle, Charity Parks and Chris Berry dine on a meal they cooked in the Grizzly Ridge yurt on the Ashley National Forest in Utah. The yurt comes with bare-bones cooking utensils. (U.S. Forest Service)
Staying in a yurt or cabin is easy to do depending on the location of the cabin and whether use is seasonal or year-round. All reservations are made through Recreation.gov. However, most facilities are locked and can be accessed only after contacting the forest or grassland office.
And as with any outdoor recreation adventure, preparation is key no matter which season you choose. Be sure you have the appropriate clothing, supplies and a local area map before you head out. The Forest Service offers paper maps for sale and digital maps for iOS and Android smart devices.
Still not sure you want to stay in a yurt? To learn more about unique camping experiences on the Ashley National Forest, watch videos on the Grizzly Ridge yurtTrout Creek Guard Station; and the Carter Military Yurt.
Johanne Tuttle, Jamie Tyson, Charity Parks and Chris Berry head out for cross-country skiing after checking into the Grizzly Ridge Yurt on the Ashley National Forest in Utah. The primitive camping site is open year-round but many people are drawn to it for its feeling of isolation and for the cross-country and snowshoeing trails. (U.S. Forest Service)
Johanne Tuttle, Jamie Tyson, Charity Parks and Chris Berry head out for cross-country skiing after checking into the Grizzly Ridge Yurt on the Ashley National Forest in Utah. The primitive camping site is open year-round but many people are drawn to it for its feeling of isolation and for the cross-country and snowshoeing trails. (U.S. Forest Service)